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KMID : 0370020030170000081
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Chung-Ang Journal of Pharmacal Sciences
2003 Volume.17 No. 0 p.81 ~ p.96
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Programmed Translational Frameshift
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Abstract
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Reading frame errors occur extremely rarely during translation. However, some genes have evolved sequences that modify translation so as to express protein products by frameshifting. These sequences, termed programmed frameshift sites, manipulate ribosome to change the frame in which it reads the mRNA, shifting either in the left ward(termed programmed -1 frameshifting). +1 frameshift sites are much less common, but dispersed widely. The rarest form are the translational hop sites which programmed the ribosome to bypass a short strech of nucleotide sequence. Each of these types of events are stimulated by distinct mechanisms tools programmed frameshift sites provide tools useful to elucidate further fundamental mechanisms of error correct in the ribosome. Programmed shifts are related to several functions, such as morphogenesis, genetic control, production of alternative enzyme activities. Slippery sequences and pseudoknot structure are known to promote programmed frameshifting. The mechanism of programmed frameshift is similar to translational errors, and investigation of frameshifting can discover heteroproteins produced by frame change.
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